:root{
  --paper:#f7f1e6;
  --paper-dark:#efe6d4;
  --ink:#2a2520;
  --ink-soft:#5a5044;
  --amber:#b5772f;
  --amber-deep:#8a5a22;
  --line:#d8cbb0;
  --card:#fffdf8;
}
*{box-sizing:border-box;}
html{scroll-behavior:smooth;}
body{
  margin:0;
  background:var(--paper);
  color:var(--ink);
  font-family:"Noto Serif KR","Georgia",serif;
  line-height:1.85;
  font-size:17px;
}
.wrap{max-width:760px;margin:0 auto;padding:0 28px;}
header.hero{
  padding:120px 28px 90px;
  text-align:center;
  border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);
  background:
    radial-gradient(ellipse at top, rgba(181,119,47,0.08), transparent 60%),
    var(--paper);
}
.eyebrow{
  letter-spacing:.18em;
  text-transform:uppercase;
  font-size:12px;
  color:var(--amber-deep);
  font-family:"Helvetica Neue",Arial,sans-serif;
  margin-bottom:18px;
}
h1{
  font-size:2.6rem;
  line-height:1.35;
  margin:0 0 28px;
  font-weight:600;
}
h1 em{color:var(--amber-deep);font-style:italic;}
.lede{
  max-width:520px;
  margin:0 auto 14px;
  color:var(--ink-soft);
  font-size:1.05rem;
}
.lede strong{color:var(--ink);}
.scroll-cue{
  margin-top:60px;
  font-family:"Helvetica Neue",Arial,sans-serif;
  font-size:11px;
  letter-spacing:.2em;
  text-transform:uppercase;
  color:var(--ink-soft);
}
nav.toc{
  max-width:760px;
  margin:0 auto;
  padding:36px 28px;
  border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);
}
nav.toc ul{
  list-style:none;
  margin:0;padding:0;
  display:grid;
  grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;
  gap:10px 24px;
  font-family:"Helvetica Neue",Arial,sans-serif;
  font-size:14px;
}
nav.toc a{
  color:var(--ink-soft);
  text-decoration:none;
  border-bottom:1px dotted var(--line);
  display:block;
  padding-bottom:4px;
}
nav.toc a:hover{color:var(--amber-deep);border-color:var(--amber);}
nav.toc a.active{color:var(--amber-deep);border-color:var(--amber);font-weight:600;}

.reveal{opacity:0;transform:translateY(14px);transition:opacity .6s ease, transform .6s ease;}
.reveal.revealed{opacity:1;transform:translateY(0);}

section.chapter{
  max-width:760px;
  margin:0 auto;
  padding:80px 28px;
  border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);
}
section.chapter.reflective{
  background:linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(181,119,47,0.04), transparent 30%);
}
.chap-num{
  font-family:"Helvetica Neue",Arial,sans-serif;
  font-size:13px;
  color:var(--amber);
  letter-spacing:.12em;
}
.chap-meta{
  font-family:"Helvetica Neue",Arial,sans-serif;
  font-size:13px;
  color:var(--ink-soft);
  margin:8px 0 4px;
}
.chap-era{
  font-family:"Helvetica Neue",Arial,sans-serif;
  font-size:12px;
  letter-spacing:.1em;
  text-transform:uppercase;
  color:var(--amber-deep);
  margin-bottom:28px;
}
h2{
  font-size:1.7rem;
  margin:0 0 26px;
  line-height:1.4;
}
h2 em{font-style:italic;color:var(--amber-deep);}
.chapter p{margin:0 0 20px;color:var(--ink);}
.chapter p.lead{font-size:1.05rem;color:var(--ink-soft);}

.timepoint{
  font-family:"Helvetica Neue",Arial,sans-serif;
  font-size:13px;
  color:var(--amber-deep);
  margin:34px 0 6px;
  font-weight:600;
}

.statgrid{
  display:grid;
  grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);
  gap:14px;
  margin:32px 0;
}
.stat{
  background:var(--card);
  border:1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius:4px;
  padding:18px 14px;
  text-align:center;
}
.stat .num{
  font-size:1.5rem;
  font-weight:700;
  color:var(--amber-deep);
  font-family:"Helvetica Neue",Arial,sans-serif;
}
.stat .label{
  font-size:12px;
  color:var(--ink-soft);
  margin-top:6px;
  font-family:"Helvetica Neue",Arial,sans-serif;
  line-height:1.5;
}

.factbox{
  background:var(--card);
  border:1px solid var(--line);
  border-left:3px solid var(--amber);
  border-radius:2px;
  padding:22px 24px;
  margin:30px 0;
}
.factbox .ft{
  font-family:"Helvetica Neue",Arial,sans-serif;
  font-size:13px;
  font-weight:700;
  color:var(--amber-deep);
  margin-bottom:10px;
}
.factbox ul{margin:0;padding-left:20px;}
.factbox li{margin-bottom:6px;color:var(--ink-soft);font-size:.95rem;}

.debate{
  background:var(--paper-dark);
  border-radius:2px;
  padding:22px 24px;
  margin:30px 0;
  font-size:.97rem;
}
.debate .dt{
  font-family:"Helvetica Neue",Arial,sans-serif;
  font-size:12px;
  letter-spacing:.08em;
  text-transform:uppercase;
  color:var(--ink-soft);
  margin-bottom:10px;
}

.quote{
  margin:34px 0;
  padding-left:22px;
  border-left:2px solid var(--amber);
  font-style:italic;
  color:var(--ink-soft);
}

.sources{
  margin-top:48px;
  padding-top:24px;
  border-top:1px dashed var(--line);
}
.sources .st{
  font-family:"Helvetica Neue",Arial,sans-serif;
  font-size:13px;
  font-weight:700;
  color:var(--amber-deep);
  margin-bottom:12px;
}
.sources ol{margin:0;padding-left:20px;font-size:.88rem;color:var(--ink-soft);}
.sources li{margin-bottom:6px;}
.sources a{color:var(--amber-deep);}

.conclusion{
  max-width:760px;margin:0 auto;
  padding:90px 28px 60px;
  text-align:center;
}
.conclusion h2{font-size:1.9rem;}
.conclusion .closing{
  margin-top:40px;
  font-style:italic;
  color:var(--ink-soft);
  white-space:pre-line;
  line-height:2.1;
}
.refs{
  max-width:760px;margin:0 auto;
  padding:0 28px 60px;
}
.refs ol{font-size:.85rem;color:var(--ink-soft);padding-left:20px;}
.refs li{margin-bottom:8px;}
.refs a{color:var(--amber-deep);}
footer{
  text-align:center;
  padding:50px 28px 80px;
  font-family:"Helvetica Neue",Arial,sans-serif;
  font-size:12px;
  color:var(--ink-soft);
  letter-spacing:.04em;
}
section.chapter.modern{
  --paper: #1b1d24;
  --ink: #ece6da;
  --ink-soft: #a9a59c;
  --amber: #ffb35c;
  --amber-deep: #ff8a3d;
  --line: #38394a;
  --card: #24262f;
  background:
    radial-gradient(ellipse at top right, rgba(255,138,61,0.10), transparent 55%),
    repeating-linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(255,255,255,0.025) 0 1px, transparent 1px 64px),
    repeating-linear-gradient(0deg, rgba(255,255,255,0.025) 0 1px, transparent 1px 64px),
    var(--paper);
  color:var(--ink);
  border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);
}
section.chapter.modern .chap-num{color:var(--amber);}
section.chapter.modern .chap-meta{color:var(--ink-soft);}
section.chapter.modern .chap-era{color:var(--amber-deep);}
section.chapter.modern h2 em{color:var(--amber-deep);}
section.chapter.modern p{color:var(--ink);}
section.chapter.modern p.lead{color:var(--ink-soft);}
section.chapter.modern .stat{background:var(--card);border-color:var(--line);}
section.chapter.modern .stat .num{color:var(--amber);}
section.chapter.modern .stat .label{color:var(--ink-soft);}
section.chapter.modern .debate{background:#2a2c38;color:var(--ink-soft);}
section.chapter.modern .debate .dt{color:var(--ink-soft);}
section.chapter.modern .factbox,
section.chapter.modern .subchapter{background:var(--card);border-color:var(--line);}
section.chapter.modern .subchapter::before{background:linear-gradient(180deg, var(--amber), var(--amber-deep));}
section.chapter.modern .sub-num{color:var(--amber);}
section.chapter.modern .subchapter h3 em{color:var(--amber-deep);}
section.chapter.modern .sources{border-top-color:var(--line);}
section.chapter.modern .sources .st{color:var(--amber-deep);}
section.chapter.modern .sources ol,
section.chapter.modern .sources li{color:var(--ink-soft);}
section.chapter.modern .sources a{color:var(--amber);}
section.chapter.modern .timepoint{color:var(--amber-deep);}

.subchapter{
  margin:44px 0;
  padding:32px 30px;
  background:var(--card);
  border:1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius:6px;
  position:relative;
}
.subchapter::before{
  content:"";
  position:absolute;
  left:0;top:0;bottom:0;
  width:4px;
  background:linear-gradient(180deg, var(--amber), var(--amber-deep));
  border-radius:6px 0 0 6px;
}
.sub-num{
  font-family:"Helvetica Neue",Arial,sans-serif;
  font-size:12px;
  letter-spacing:.12em;
  color:var(--amber);
  margin-bottom:10px;
}
.subchapter h3{
  font-size:1.3rem;
  margin:0 0 20px;
  line-height:1.4;
}
.subchapter h3 em{font-style:italic;color:var(--amber-deep);}
.subchapter p{margin:0 0 18px;}
.subchapter .statgrid{margin:24px 0 8px;}
  h1{font-size:1.9rem;}
  .statgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;}
  nav.toc ul{grid-template-columns:1fr;}
  header.hero{padding:80px 20px 60px;}
}